Construction and application of a dietary intervention program for childhood bronchial asthma based on the family nurse dietary therapy theory

ObjectiveTo construct a dietary intervention program for childhood bronchial asthma based on the family nurse dietary therapy theory,and to evaluate its application effects.MethodsA total of 232 children with bronchial asthma admitted to the department of pediatrics of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were selected as study subjects from March 2023 to March 2025.The children were divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method,116 cases each.The control group received family⁃centered home rehabilitation nursing,while the observation group received the dietary intervention program for childhood bronchial asthma based on the family nurse dietary therapy theory in addition to the interventions given to the control group.Biochemical indicators,growth and development indicators,pulmonary function indicators,quality of life,sleep quality,asthma attack frequency,and asthma control level were compared between the two groups.ResultsDuring the study period,4 cases dropped out from the control group and 2 cases dropped out from the observation group.Ultimately,112 children in the control group and 114 children in the observation group completed the full follow⁃up.After 12 months of intervention,the observation group showed higher levels of serum albumin,hemoglobin,serum iron,ferritin,25⁃hydroxyvitamin D,serum zinc,serum calcium,percentage of forced vital capacity to predicted value,percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity and quality of life scores compared with the control group.The height⁃for⁃age Z⁃score and weight⁃for⁃age Z⁃score in the observation group were significantly improved compared with those in the control group.The fractional exhaled nitric oxide level and sleep quality scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.The number of acute asthma attacks and the number of hospitalizations due to asthma in the observation group were fewer than those in the control group.The asthma control level in the observation group was better than that in the control group (all P<0.05).ConclusionsThe application of the dietary intervention program for childhood bronchial asthma based on the family nurse dietary therapy theory in children with asthma could effectively improve the nutritional status of the children,promoted their growth and development,optimized their pulmonary function,reduced the frequency of acute asthma attacks,and enhanced both disease control and quality of life and sleep.